AGRIN APK is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) highly concentrated in the synaptic basal lamina at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). AGRIN-like immunoreactivity is also found outside the NMJ. Here we show that AGRIN Mod is an important HSPG component of the human glomerular basement membrane (GBM).
This is in addition to perlecan, a previously described basement membrane HSPG. Antibodies to AGRIN and the unidentified GBM-HSPG resulted in strong staining of the GBM and NMJ that was distinct from that seen with anti-perlecan antibodies. In addition, anti-AGRIN antisera recognized purified GBM-HSPG and competed with anti-GBM-HSPG monoclonal antibodies in ELISA.
Furthermore, both antibodies recognized a molecule that migrated as a smear in SDS-PAGE and whose molecular mass was approximately 200–210 kD after deglycosylation. In immunoelectron microscopy, AGRIN showed a linear distribution along the GBM and was present across the entire width of the GBM. This again differed from perlecan, which was present only on the endothelial side of the GBM and was distributed nonlinearly.
Quantitative ELISA showed that agrin-like GBM-HSPGs had a six-fold higher molarity in crude glomerular extracts compared to perlecan. These results indicate that agrin is a major component of GBM, suggesting that it may play a role in renal ultrafiltration and cell matrix interactions.
What is AGRIN APK?
AGRIN APK is a heparan sulfate proteoglycan with a protein core of approximately 400 kDa decorated with carbohydrate side chains. Agrin was first purified biochemically by assaying fractionated protein in cultured myotubes for AChR aggregation from the basal lamina of the Torpedo California electrical organ.
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FAQs:
Which cell produces AGRIN?
McMahon and colleagues purified the electrical activity of the organ, which they called agrin, and showed that AGRIN is synthesized by motor neurons, transported to synaptic sites in motor axons, and deposited in the synaptic basal lamina.
Where does AGRIN come from?
AGRIN is synthesized by both motor neurons and myotubes, but only neuronal agrin exhibits biological activity. Neural agrin arises from motor nerve endings and attaches to the local basal lamina. Neuronal agrin interacts with a receptor called MASC on the surface of differentiating skeletal myotubes.
How does the AGRIN work?
Several studies suggest that circulating CAFs play a role as markers of skeletal muscle mass and function. Agrin is a protein of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which is involved in the clustering of acetylcholine receptors and the stabilization of presynaptic structures.
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